تأثیر مشاهده کوتاه‌مدت عناصر طبیعی در فضاهای داخلی ساختمان به کمک واقعیت مجازی بر بازیابی توجه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتری معماری، دانشکده معماری، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه معماری، دانشکده معماری، پردیس هنرهای زیبا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

عمده زمان روزانه فرد در شهرهای بزرگ، در محل کار یا سکونت و رفتوآمد میان آنها سپری میشود که باعث کاهش و گاهی حذف تماس روزانه فرد با طبیعت میگردد. تماس با طبیعت تأثیرات مثبت جسمی و روانی بر فرد دارد، مانند درک مثبت از محیط زندگی و افزایش سطح توجه پایدار. افزایش ارتباط با طبیعت در محیطی که فرد روزانه با آن سروکار دارد برای بهرهگیری از آن تأثیرات ضروری است. این پژوهش بر محل سکونت تمرکز دارد و در پی پاسخ به این سؤال است که آیا تماس کوتاهمدت با عناصر طبیعی در طول شبانهروز میتواند تأثیراتی مشابه با گذراندن وقت در طبیعت بر فرد داشته باشد؟ لابی یک برج مسکونی، یک بار همراه و یک بار بدون عناصر طبیعی در واقعیت مجازی بازسازی و تأثیر آنها بر سطح توجه پایدار و ادراک افراد از قابلیت بازیابی توجه محیط ارزیابی شد. 157 شرکتکننده بهصورت تصادفی یکی از لابیها را تجربه کردند. هر فرد آزمون شناختیSART را یک بار پیش و یک بار پس از عبور از لابی انجام داد و پرسشنامه ادراکی PRS‌ را تکمیل نمود. دادهها توسط نرمافزار آماری SAS تحلیل شدند. ارزیابیها نشان داد شرکتکنندگانی که عناصر طبیعی را تجربه کردند بهصورت معنادار عملکرد بهتری در آزمون داشتند. همچنین شرکتکنندگان تنها از توان بازیابی توجه لابی دارای عناصر طبیعی، ادراکی مثبت داشتند. نتایج تصدیقی است بر تأثیر مثبت تماس با عناصر طبیعی در فضای داخلی ساختمان بر ادراک فرد از محیط و بازیابی توجه افراد حتی در مدت زمان اندک.  

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