Effect of Atrium Skylight Type on Atrium Interior Lighting in Educational Buildings in Tabriz, Iran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 MA in Architecture, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

Abstract

Atrium is referred to a wide-open space, which often has several floors and is covered with glass ceilings or large windows, or both. Atria are often used when the built-up area of the building is too high or the building's southern facades are inaccessible or limited for lighting, so using sunlight should be the main consideration of their design. There are four types of atrium: centralized, semi-enclosed, attached, and linear. In this research centralized type is reviewed and a square plan atrium is chosen according to the studies. The dimensions of the selected plans for atriums are 4*4, 6*6, 8*8, and 10*10 meters and the height of the atrium is constant (9 meters). Since the form and structure of the skylight can affect how the atrium receives sunlight, this paper seeks to study the effect of the type and shape of the skylight on the amount of light received in the inner space of the atrium. This research has been carried out in the cold climate of Tabriz in Iran so the conditions of cloudy skies according to the climate of Tabriz are considered for simulation. In order to fulfill the objective of this study, first, the atrium and components which affect the design and the theoretical reviews were investigated and then the proportions of the model were obtained. In order to perform more detailed analysis, the effect of five different atrium skylights (1. flat roof with lighting from the top, 2. flat roof with lighting from sides, 3. roof with light scoops, 4. single-sided sloped roof, and 5. double-sided sloped roofs) on the interior lighting of the atrium have been compared. Also changing the amount of glazing surface of these skylights is another main variable of this research. Daylight Factor, Autonomy, Brightness (lux), and Sky Component are the factors that were measured by Ecotect Analysis and Radiance software. The results are compared and analyzed and have been illustrated in tables and graphs. The results demostrate that the shape of the skylight has a significant effect on the amount of light received inside the atrium. Suitable daylight factor and brightness for the atrium are achieved by a single-sided sloped roof with 90 percent of glazing and a double-sided sloped roof with 80-90 percent of glazing while the dimensions of the atrium are 4m. For the atrium with dimensions of 6m, it is achieved by flat roof with lighting from the top, single-sided and double-sided sloped roof with 50-60 percent of glazing and finally roof with light scoops with 50-70 percent of glazing. There is a very high possibility of glare in larger atriums with this low, two-story height. It should be noted, however, that the results achieved are only affected by the changes in the roof shape, the proportions of the atrium and the amount of glass in the skylight, and factors such as the reflection of surfaces, the transmission of the surfaces, shading, height, and shape of the atrium and the effect of other conditions of the sky have not been considered.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Architecture and Urban Planning
Volume 13, Issue 29
December 2020
Pages 97-111

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