Infill Development in Historic Urban Quarters Case Study: Urban Design Brief in Ilchi khan in Historic Urban Quarters of Yazd

Document Type : Original Article

Author

M.A. in Urban Design, School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shahid Beheshi University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Mehr News Agency (Friday, February 17, 2012): "on the verge of New Year guests, eight hectares of historic urban quarters of Yazd were destroyed by the municipality to provide parking!" Annually, wide areas of historical urban quarters are renovated for different reasons such as collapse of old buildings, purchase and demolition of old parcels by the city developers for providing green space or parking per capita and clearing within aggregation projects, parks and parking lots in neighborhoods. Regardless of reasons for destruction of the segments in historical fabrics, the basic question ahead is regarding the quality of existing infill development. What should be built? And how? Unsuccessful aggregation projects such as apartments, numerous parking lots within the neighborhoods and small parks in historic fabric of Yazd are some examples of undesirable answer to these questions, regardless of the good infill development practices that generally had adverse impacts. Infill developments in historical urban quarter generally face a contradictory duality of development and conservation, which competes against each other. Inattention to urban design quality in the historical fabric in the form of unjustified interventions, not only will deteriorate the design of the historical fabrics, but also will cause a gradual destruction of its physical identity. Understanding the spatial, temporal and thematic necessity of infill development in the valuable historical fabric brings up the importance of this tool. Using urban design brief can be a way to achieve high quality urban design through infill developments. Urban design briefs derived from the principles of historical fabric’s identity, enriched with a holistic approach towards historical fabric, as an effective tool, can provide this assurance that during sustainable revival, in addition to maintaining physical identity, the historical fabric will continue its growing life. The theoretical section of this paper is searching for the role of infill development literature and its trends, i.e. what, why and how to do infill development in urban intervention and regeneration. The practical section deals with the experience of experts in the field of infill development control, and collects practical recommendations in three categories, i.e. historical and site-specific, non-historical and site-specific, and topic-specific. Combination of expert’s discussions and actions in guiding and control of infill development and the Christopher Alexander's theory of “growing whole” provides an operational-analytical framework. Based on this framework, infill development in historic urban quarters shall be integrated with the surrounding fabric, and in historic urban quarters of Yazd, interpretation of this integration shall be performed regarding different layers of historical urban forms of Yazd (substantial) and related environments (procedural). Integration for infill development in Ilchi Khan can be achieved by considering the design principles and guidelines on land use, movement and access, physical forms, public spaces, urban landscape, and at social, economic, civil and organizational -implementing layers.

Keywords

References

-  آیینی، محمد (1386). موضوعات اقتصادی، مالی و مدیریتی در بهسازی و نوسازی بافت‌های فرسوده شهری، مرکز تحقیقات ساختمان و مسکن، وزارت مسکن و شهرسازی، تهران.
-  سعیدی رضوانی، نوید، داوودپور، زهره، فدوی، الهام و سرور، رحیم (1392). «کاربرد اصول توسعه میان‌افزا در بهبود فضایی-عملکردی بافت‌های شهری»، فصلنامه علمی-پژوهشی انجمن جغرافیای ایران، 11(36)، 159-180.
-  سعیدی رضوانی، نوید و کاظب، داود (1390). «بازشناسی چارچوب توسعه درون افزا در تناسب با نقد سیاست‌های جاری توسعه مسکن (مسکن مهر) نمونه موردی: شهر نطنز»، مجله پژوهش‌های جغرافیای انسانی، 75، 113-132.
-  گلکار، کورش و سولماز حسینیون (1384). اسناد هدایت طراحی شهری، انتشارات اسلیمی، تهران.
-  گلکار، کورش (1384). »چشم‌انداز شهر/ محله: پیشنهاد یک چارچوب مفهومی برای صورت‌بندی بیانیه چشم‌انداز«، نشریه علمی پژوهشی هنرهای زیبا، 24، 25-36.
-  گلکار، کورش (1387). «طراحی شهری سیاست‌گذار؛ طراحی شهری طرح ریز: جعبه‌ابزار طراحی شهری: الگوهایی عملیاتی برای تدوین ابزارهای هدایت و کنترل در ایران»، نشریه علمی پژوهشی صفه، دوره 17(46)، 51 - 66.
-  گلکار، کورش (1391). جزوه درسی کارگاه 2 (طراحی شهری)، ترم اول سال تحصیلی 91 - 92 ، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران،دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، گروه برنامه‌ریزی و طراحی مجتمع زیستی، تهران.
-  قادریان، مسعود (1392). توسعۀ میان‌افزا در بافت‌های تاریخی (نمونه موردی: دستور کار طراحی سایت ایلچی‌خان در بافت تاریخی یزد)، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد طراحی شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، گروه برنامه ریزی و طراحی مجتمع زیستی، تهران.
-  میرمقتدایی، مهتا، رفیعیان، مجتبی و سنگی، الهام (1389). «تأملی بر مفهوم توسعه میان‌افزا و ضرورت آن در محلات شهری»، ماهنامه شهرداری‌ها، 10 (98)، -51.
-  وارثی، حمیدرضا (1383). «تحلیلی بر وضعیت بافت تاریخی اصفهان»، فصلنامه فرهنگ اصفهان، شماره 27 و 29، 62-71.
 
-  Adams, D., Sousa, C. de, & Tiesdell, S. (2009). Brownfield Development: A Comparison of North American and British Approaches. Urban Studies, 47 (1), 75–104.
-  Bennett, J. (2005). Towards a strong urban renaissance, An independent report. [S.l.]: Urban Task Force.
-  Blyth, A., Worthington, J. (2010) Managing the brief for better design (2nd Ed.). London; New York: Routledge.
-  CABE (2002). Supplement to the Client Guide for ACP Projects, September 2002. Retrived from: http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110118095356/http:/www.cabe.org.uk/files/acp-design-brief.pdf
-  CABE (2003). Moving towards Excellence in Urban Design and Conservation. Retrived from: https://www.brent.gov.uk/media/342161/Moving%20towards%20excellence%20in%20urban%20design%20and%20conservation%20CABE%202002.pdf.
-  Carley, M., Low, J. (2000). Regeneration in the 21st century: policies into practice, an overview of the Joseph Rowntree Foundation Area Regeneration Programme. Bristol: Policy Press.
-  Caves, R. W. (2005). Encyclopedia of the city. Abingdon, Oxon, OX, New York, NY: Routledge.
-  Cowan, R. (2005). The dictionary of urbanism. Tisbury, Wiltshire: Streetwise Press.
-  Christensen, A.J. (2005). Dictionary of landscape architecture and construction. New York: McGraw-Hill.
-  English Heritage (1998). Conservation-Led Regeneration: The Work of English Heritage. London, EnglishHeritage.
-  Hall, P. (2000). "Urban Renaissance/New Urbanism. Journal of the American Planning Association 66 (4), 359–360.
-  Scottish Government (2011). New design in historic settings. Scotland: Historic Scotland.
-  Hutchison, R. (2010). Encyclopedia of urban studies. Thousand Oaks, Calif: SAGE Publications.
-  Kyttä, M., Kahila, M., & Broberg, A. (2010). Perceived environmental quality as an input to urban infill policy-making. Urban Des Int., 16 (1), 19–35.
-  Llewelyn-Davies (Firm) (1998). Planning and development briefs. A guide to better practice. London: Dept of the Environment, Transport & the Regions (Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions: Planning research programme).
-  Mackie, D., & Methven, A. (1978). Design briefing in towns. A report prepared for the Urban Design Unit of the Scottish Development Department by Percy Johnson-Marshall & Associates. Edinburgh: Percy Johnson-Marshall & Associates.
-  Municipal Research & Services Center of Washington, Infill development. Strategies for shaping livable neighborhoods (1997). Seattle, WA (1200-5th Avenue, Suite 1300, Seattle 98101-1159): (Report, 38).
-  Pendlebury, J. (2002). Conservation and Regeneration: Complementary or Conflicting Processes? The Case of Grainger Town, Newcastle upon Tyne. Planning Practice and Research, 17(2), 145–158.
-  Philips, P. L. (2004). Creating the perfect design brief: how to manage design for strategic advantage. Canada: Allworth Press.
-  Rodwell, D. (2007). Conservation and sustainability in historic cities (1st Ed.). Malden Mass: Blackwell Publ.
-  Rogers, R. (2002). Towards an urban renaissance. Final report. London: Department of the environment, transport and the regions.
-  Steinacker, A. (2003). Infill Development and Affordable Housing: Patterns from 1996 to 2000. Urban Affairs Review, 38(4), 492–509.
-  Sendich, E. (2006). Planning and urban design standards (1st Ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley (Wiley graphic standards).
-  Strategies for successful infill development (2001). Washington, D.C: Northeast-Midwest Insitute, Congress for the New Urbanism.
-  The Infill and redevelopment code handbook (1999). Salem, OR: Oregon's Transportation and Growth Management Program.
-  Tiesdell, S. (1995). Tensions between revitalization and conservation: Nottingham's Lace Market. Economic Regeneration Strategies in British Cities, 12(4), 231–241.
-  Watson, D., Plattus, A. J., & Shibley, R. G. (2003). Time-saver standards for urban design. New York: McGraw-Hill.
-  Wansborough, M., & Mageean, A. (2000). The Role of Urban Design in Cultural Regeneration. Journal of Urban Design 5(2), 181–197.
Journal of Architecture and Urban Planning
Volume 10, Issue 19
December 2017
Pages 93-112

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics